characteristic feature of breast cancer

Breast cancer characteristics



The cancer will also be tested for a number of other characteristics that can help your doctors decide how it is likely to respond to particular kinds of treatment or how aggressive it may be. These include:

Hormone receptivity. These tests determine whether the cancer cells contain estrogen and/or progesterone receptors. Those that do may respond well to hormone therapies that block the production of female hormones in the body. Learn how hormone therapy works to treat hormone-receptive breast cancers.

Tumor-marker testing/immunohistochemistry (IHC). Also known as human epidermal growth factor 2, or c-erB-2, Her2/neu is a protein necessary for normal cell growth. However, some cancers — including some breast cancers — produce too much of this protein.

High levels of HER2/neu often mean that a tumor is more aggressive, and may respond differently to certain cancer treatments. For example, women with high levels of HER2/neu may be good candidates for certain biological therapies. Learn more about biological therapies in breast cancer treatment.

   

cause heartburn

How to avoid heartburn

When it comes to acid reflux, there are certain foods that are almost universally problematic.The best strategy is to avoid them entirely. But unfortunately, they often make up over half of many people’s diets.

In Dropping Acid: The Reflux Diet Cookbook & Cure, authors Jamie Koufman, MD, Jordan Stern, MD, and French master chef Marc Bauer share foods they consider hazardous, based on medical literature and their experience treating thousands of patients.

Chocolate
Bad news for chocolate lovers: Chocolate seems to cause more reflux than any other food. It’s a triple whammy:

1. Chocolate contains caffeine and other stimulants such as theobromine, which cause reflux.
2. Chocolate is high in fat, and fat causes reflux.
3. Chocolate is also high in cocoa, and cocoa causes reflux.

Theoretically, dark chocolate isn’t as bad as high-fat milk chocolate, but let’s face it—all chocolate is bad for reflux.

What is DNA testing?

What is DNA Testing?

DNA is the most powerful tool available for identification in forensic investigations. Because of its ability to link physical evidence found at a crime scene to a single person, it is often referred to as a “digital fingerprint.” This method is so precise that it can ensure pinpoint accuracy, down to one in a billion. And, unlike fingerprints, which can only be found if a suspect touches something, DNA exists in every cell of the human body, from hair and blood to skin and tears, and can be shed or deposited while committing a crime. That means it is often the only means for accurate identification.
DNA databases make it possible for law enforcement crime laboratories to electronically search and compare collected DNA profiles to crime scene evidence. In the United States, the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) links all local, state, and national databases and contains more than 5 million records. Currently, legislation exists on the federal level and in 29 states, enabling investigators to collect DNA upon arrest for certain felony crimes.

meaning of last first kiss

 

First kisses can be some of the romantic, erotic, mind-jellying, and utterly terrifying moments of our lives. But how much (or how little) do they tell us about how the relationship would go as a whole? In fact, they can predict a lot more than you might guess, but maybe not everything you hoped.




Here’s a quick guide on what to take away from that first smooch:

 

Abdominal pain

 

The cause of abdominal problems can be hard to pinpoint. Many times the exact cause of abdominal pain is hard to find. The severity of your pain, its location camera.gif, and other symptoms you have may help determine what is causing the pain.




  
 Generalized pain occurs in half of the abdomen or more. Generalized pain can occur with many different illnesses and will usually go away without medical treatment. Indigestion and an upset stomach are common problems that can cause generalized pain. Home treatment may help relieve some of the discomfort. Generalized mild pain or crampy pain that becomes more severe over several hours may be a symptom of a blockage of the intestines (bowel obstruction).
    Localized pain is located in one area of the abdomen. Localized pain that comes on suddenly and gets worse is more likely to be a symptom of a serious problem. The pain of appendicitis may start as generalized pain, but it often moves (localizes) to one area of the abdomen. The pain from gallbladder disease or peptic ulcer disease often starts in one area of the abdomen and stays in that same location. Localized pain that gradually becomes more severe may be a symptom of inflammation of an abdominal organ.
  

the dangers of drinking teabag

Summer is almost over and with fall comes thoughts of hot mugs of tea, steaming and fragrant with rich scents and our favorite sweeteners. In virtually all cultures, a wide variety of teas are drunk, hot and cold, for pleasure and health.By now, most of us know that many of these drinks have important benefits.

True teas are made from leaves of tea plants, or Camellia sinensis, which originated in China. Black, green and white teas are rich in antioxidants, as is rooibos, which is actually not a tea at all, but a legume from South Africa. Rooibos tea is actually a ’tisane.’ and infusion made from the leaves, flowers, seeds and/or roots of a tremendous variety of plants, such as mint and hibiscus (with or without rose hip), sassafras and ginseng. Interestingly, the only thing all these plants have in common is that they are not Camellia sinensis.



But if your favorite brew is in a teabag, there’s some bad news: that bag is likely to be coated with epichlorohydrin—a known carcinogen that is particularly active in hot water.

Cancer Risk From French Fries

Acrylamide was known to cause cancer in lab animals when ingested at high doses. So when researchers announced a decade ago that they had also discovered it in many commonly eaten foods — including French fries, potato chips, bread and even coffee — consumers were understandably worried that their snack chips might do them in.